Karyotype Genetic Test Test
A karyotype test checks your chromosomes for changes in number or structure that could affect your health, growth, or development.
What this test measures
A karyotype test looks at the size, shape, and number of chromosomes in a sample of cells from your body. It checks whether you have a full set of 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) and looks for broken, missing, or extra parts.
What your results mean
Reference ranges vary by laboratory and by your age and sex. MedlinePlus does not publish a single normal range for this test — always read your result against the range printed on your own lab report and discuss it with your provider.
Frequently asked questions
What is a karyotype test?
It is a genetic test that looks at the size, shape, and number of your chromosomes.
Why might I need a karyotype test?
To check for chromosome problems that may affect health, growth, development, fertility, or to help diagnose certain cancers.
What does a normal result mean?
A normal result means there were 46 chromosomes without any unusual changes in structure.
What does an abnormal result mean?
An abnormal result means unusual changes in the number or structure of chromosomes were found. Talk with your provider to learn what it means.
Can chromosome problems develop later in life?
Yes, some chromosome changes can develop in certain cells later in life and may cause specific types of cancer.
Related lab tests
Sources
- MedlinePlus: Karyotype Genetic Test — NIH MedlinePlus
Last updated . Information is aggregated from official public sources and is not a substitute for professional medical care.