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Abacavir Sulfate

Brand names: Abacavir Sulfate

Abacavir is a prescription medicine used to treat HIV-1 infection. It is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor that works by blocking the virus from multiplying.

What it is used for

Abacavir tablets, in combination with other antiretroviral agents, are indicated for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection.

How it is taken

Before starting abacavir, you must be tested for the HLA-B*5701 allele. For adults, the usual dose is 600 mg daily, taken as either 300 mg twice daily or 600 mg once daily. For children aged 3 months and older, the dose is based on body weight and should not exceed 600 mg daily. For patients with mild liver problems (Child-Pugh Class A), the dose is 200 mg twice daily.

Warnings

  • WARNING: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS – Serious and sometimes fatal hypersensitivity reactions with multiple organ involvement have occurred with abacavir.
  • Patients who carry the HLA-B*5701 allele are at higher risk of a hypersensitivity reaction.
  • Abacavir is contraindicated in patients with a prior hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir and in HLA-B*5701-positive patients.
  • Discontinue abacavir immediately if a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected, regardless of HLA-B*5701 status.
  • NEVER restart abacavir or any abacavir-containing product after a hypersensitivity reaction, as more severe symptoms including death can occur within hours.

Common side effects

  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Malaise and fatigue
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Dreams/sleep disorders
  • Fever and/or chills (in children)
  • Skin rashes (in children)
  • Ear/nose/throat infections (in children)

Interactions

Methadone: An increased methadone dose may be required in a small number of patients. Riociguat: The riociguat dose may need to be reduced.

This summary is written in plain language from the official FDA label. Always follow the directions from your own prescriber and pharmacist, and read the full label linked below.

Frequently asked questions

What is abacavir used for?

Abacavir is used in combination with other antiretroviral agents to treat HIV-1 infection.

Do I need to be tested before taking abacavir?

Yes, you must be screened for the HLA-B*5701 allele before starting abacavir.

What are the symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir?

Symptoms may include fever, rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, fatigue, achiness, cough, or sore throat. Almost all reactions include fever and/or rash.

Can I take abacavir if I have liver problems?

If you have mild liver impairment (Child-Pugh Class A), the recommended dose is 200 mg twice daily. Abacavir should not be used in patients with moderate to severe liver impairment.

What should I do if I miss a dose of abacavir?

The label does not provide specific instructions for missed doses. Follow your healthcare provider's advice.

Other medications

Sources

Last updated . Information is aggregated from official public sources and is not a substitute for professional medical care.